Human chorionic gonadotropin, Miami
Human chorionic gonadotropin, Miami (hCG) is a chemical created
by trophoblast tissue, tissue typically found in early embryos and which
will eventually be part of the placenta. There is also a benefit in measuring
hCG in a variety of cancers including choriocarcinoma and extra-uterine
malignancies.
Human chorionic
gonadotropin, Miami is a hormone produced primarily by syncytiotrophoblastic cells of the
placenta during pregnancy. The hormone stimulates the corpus luteum to produce
progesterone to maintain the pregnancy. Smaller amounts of hCG are also
produced in the pituitary gland, the liver, and the colon.
Testing Procedures
Urine Testing
- Urine is placed in or on a
designated receptacle (most commercially available and medical point of
care tests)
- An indicator (typically a
colored line or symbol), along with a control, will appear if the test is
positive
- An isolated control line/symbol
will be evident if the test is negative
Serum Testing
- Serum hCG testing is
performed in a laboratory equipped with the proper machinery and uses a
peripheral blood sample
- If a hook
effect/gestational trophoblastic disease is suspected, the lab should
perform a dilution prior to testing
Knowing the
utility and variability of different hCG assays is clinically relevant to a
wide range of medical providers. False positive and false negative testing has
a large impact on patient care. All providers in a patient care team should be
aware of common limitations in testing, for example, urine assay false
positives with hematuria, false negatives with dilute urine, along with more
obscure but still very relevant causes of inaccurate testing.
Side Effect of HCG
Some women using human chorionic gonadotropin, Miami (HCG) have developed a condition called
ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), especially after the first treatment
cycle.
·
severe pelvic pain;
·
swelling of the hands or legs;
·
stomach pain and swelling;
·
shortness of breath;
·
weight gain;
·
diarrhea;
·
nausea or vomiting; or
·
urinating less than normal.
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